The Delhi Sultanate


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

The Delhi Sultanate

The Delhi Sultanate: During this period, the Turks introduced Persian as the language of administration. The two forms of Hindi, Braj and Awadhi, also become popular during this period. With the course of time, Persian and Hindi merged to give rise to a new language called Urdu.

Literary Works: The great poet Malik Muhammad Jayasi wrote the Padmavat in Hindi. Mirabai wrote her pomes in Braj language. Sant Kabir wrote dohas in Awadhi Braj and Bhojpuri. Guru Nanak’sd hymns were in Punjabi, Namadeva’s pomes were in Marathi, and Vidyapati’s pomes were in Maithili.

The Mughals: Persia was the official language of the Mughal Empire. All the court proceedings were recorded in Persian. Akbar encouraged Persian literature. He gave Ramayana and Mahabharata translator into Persian.

Literary Works: Abul Fazl wrote Akbar’s biography named Akbarnama. Tulsidas write Ramacharitamanas. Surdas wrote Sur Sagar. Ras Khan wrote Prem Vatika and Bihari wrote Satsai in Hindi. Abdul Hamid Lahori wrote Padshahnam Dara Shikoh translated the Bhagvad Gita and Upanishads into Persian.

 Music: Folk music flourished along with classical music.

  • The Turks brought with them their own form of music and instruments like the sarangi and the rabab.
  • Delhi first became the capital of a kingdom under the Tomara Rajputs, who were defeated by chauhan of Ajmer.
  • The transformation of Delhi into a capital that controlled a vast area of the subcontinent started with the foundation of the Delhi Sultanate at the beginning of the 13th century.
  • Finding out about the Delhi Sultans

  • Inscriptions, coins and architecture provide a lot of information.
  • Further valuable sources are 'histories', Tarikh  written in Parsian, the language of administration under the Delhi Sultans.
  • The authors of tawarikh were learned men, secretaries administrators, poets and courties who both recounted events and advised rulers on the governance, imphasizing the importance of the just rule.
  •    The Sultanate in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries 

  • By then Jaunpur, Bangal, Malwa, Gujarat, Rajasthan and entire South India had Independent rulers who had established flourishing states and prosperous capitals.
  • New rulling dynasties like the Afghans and Rajputs also arose during the period. 
  • In 1526, Mughals established their empire. 
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